igf1-r glutathione Commonly called “the antioxidant of antioxidants”, Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA), specifically its biologically active form R-Lipoic Acid (RLA), is a unique self-made antioxidant that falls in a class next hgh and igf-1 lr3 cycle

Diabetes (2012) 61:50512

The role of metabolism in cancer Cancer metabolism has been a focus of scientific research since the early 20th century, with Otto Warburgs pioneering work on aerobic glycolysis, often referred to as the Warburg effect. Warburg observed that cancer cells preferentially consume glucose and produce lactate, even in the presence of oxygenan inefficient way to generate ATP compared to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)

The SOD absence accompanied with the swells of mitochondrial structure and mitochondrial cristae changes, further decreased ATP production and elevated level of oxidative DNA damage can be observed which eventually impact the RPE function

S.et al (2019)