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Glutathione is the "master antioxidant" used in almost every skincare treatment across the world for its anti-ageing and detoxifying effects (NCBI)

Supplementary material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: Glossary AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor AKT Protein Kinase B AR androgen receptor BM I, body mass index CCR5 C-C chemokine receptor 5 CFD Cangfu Daotan Decoction circRNAs circular RNAs DHEA Dehydroepiandrosterone DHEAS Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ERK Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase FBG fasting blood glucose FINS fasting insulin FSH Follicle-Stimulating Hormone FXR farnesoid X receptor GFW Guizhi Fuling Pills GLP-1 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 GLUT4 glucose transporter4 GnRH gonadotropin-releasing hormone GPX4 Glutathione Peroxidase 4 GV germinal vesicle HA Hyperandrogenism HDL-C High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol HI hyperinsulinemia HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance HQS HEQI San IB Inhibitor of Nuclear Factor-kappa B alpha IKK IB Kinase IKK IB Kinase beta IL-1 Interleukin-1 IL-1 Interleukin-1 beta IL-6 interleukin-6 IL-22 interleukin-22 lncRNAs long-stranded non-coding RNAs IR insulin resistance IRS Insulin Receptor Substrate LCN-2 Lipocalin-2 LDL-C Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol LH luteinizing hormone LPS lipopolysaccharide MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase miRNA microRNA mRNA Messenger RNA mtDNA mitochondrial DNA mTORC2 mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 NETs neutrophil extracellular traps NF- B, Nuclear Factor-kappa B NK natural killer Nrf2 Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 OM oligomenorrhea (OM) p-AKT phosphorylated AKT PCOS Polycystic ovary syndrome PCR polymerase chain reaction PDK1 Phosphatidylinositol-dependent kinase-1 pgWAT perigonadal white adipose tissue PIP2 phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate PIP3 phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase p-PI3K phosphorylated PI3K Ras Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog RCT Randomized Controlled Trial ROS reactive oxygen species SA secondary amenorrhea SHGB sex hormone-binding globulin SNP Single Nucleotide Polymorphism T Testosterone TC Total Cholesterol TCM Traditional Chinese medicine TGF-1 transforming growth factor-1 TNF- tumor necrosis factor- TNFR Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor TRADD Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Death Domain Protein TRAF2 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 2 References 1 AbbottD