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Abbreviations Ado: Adenosine ADP: Adenosine diphosphate AMP: Adenosine monophosphate ATP: Adenosine triphosphate BC: Breast cancer BCAA: Branched-chain amino acids BCAT1: Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 1 BER: Base excision repair Cpd.: Compounds cDDP: Cisplatin Cho: Choline Cr: Creatine DMA: Dimethylamine ES: Effect size F6P: Fructose 6-phosphate FDR: False discovery rate G1P: Glucose 1-phosphate G6P: Glucose 6-phosphate GA: Guanidine acetate GlcA1P: Glucuronate 1-phosphate GlcA: Glucuronate GlcN-6P: Glucosamine 6-phosphate GPC: Glycerophosphocholine GSH: Glutathione (reduced) GTP: Guanosine triphosphate HR: Homologous recombination HX: Hypoxanthine IMP: Inosine monophosphate Ino: Inosine MS: Mass spectrometry KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes NAA: N -Acetyl-aspartate NAD + /NADH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized/ reduced) NER: Nucleotide excision repair NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance OXPHOS: Oxidative phosphorylation PA: Pantothenate PARP: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase PC: Phosphocholine PCA: Principal component analysis PCr: Phosphocreatine PGCC: Polyploid giant cancer cell PKM2: Pyruvate kinase isoform M2 PLS-DA: Partial least squaresdiscriminant analysis PPP: Pentose phosphate pathway PRPP: Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Pt(II): Platinum(II) ROS: Reactive oxygen species Tau: Taurine TauT: Taurine transporter TCA: Tricarboxylic acid cycle TMAO: Trimethylamine N -oxide TNBC: Triple-negative breast cancer TSP: 3-(Trimethylsilyl)-propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid UV: Unit variance UDP: Uridine diphosphate UDP-Glc/GlcA: Uridine diphosphate glucose/glucuronate UDP-GlcNAc: Uridine diphosphate N -acetyl-glucosamine UMP: Uridine monophosphate Urd: Uridine UTP: Uridine triphosphate VIP: Variable importance to the projection s: Singlet d: Doublet dd: Double doublet t: Triplet q: Quartet m: Multiplet References Zhang J, Xia Y, Zhou X, Yu H, Tan Y, et al