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Reaction between graphene oxide and intracellular glutathione affects cell viability and proliferation

AD: Alzheimers disease ADHD: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADNI: Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Aeg-1: Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 AI: artificial intelligence ALS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis AMPA: alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isooxazole-propionate APP: amyloid precursor protein AQP4: aquaporin-4 ARE: antioxidant response element Arg1: arginase 1 ARIAs: amyloid-related imaging abnormalities AUC: area under the curve A: amyloid- A 142 : amyloid-beta 142 peptide BBB: blood-brain barrier BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor BNT: Boston Naming Test CDNF: cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor CNS: central nervous system CSF: cerebrospinal fluid CVLT: California Verbal Learning Test DALYs: Disability-Adjusted Life Years DAM: disease-associated microglia DAMP: damage-associated molecular pattern DLB: dementia with Lewy bodies EAAT2: excitatory amino acid transporter 2 EOAD: early-onset AD GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid GDNF: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein GFR: GDNF family receptor -1 HD: Huntingtons disease IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1 iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase LOAD: late onset form of AD LTP: long-term potentiation MAO-B: monoamine oxidase B MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase mGluRs: metabotropicG protein-coupledglutamate receptors mHTT: mutant huntingtin ML: machine learning MS: Multiple Sclerosis mTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin NADPH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NfL: neurofilament light chain NIBS: non-invasive brain stimulation NMDA: N -methyl- D -aspartate Nrf2: nuclear erythroid related transcription factor 2 OS: oxidative stress P4: predictive-preventive-personalized-participatory PAF: pure autonomic failure PD: Parkinsons disease PET: positron emission tomography PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PINK1: Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog-induced kinase 1 PRRs: pattern recognition receptors P-SYN: phosphorylated -synuclein p-tau: phosphorylated tau PTEN: Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog RNS: reactive nitrosylation species ROC: Receiver Operating Characteristic Shh: Sonic Hedgehog SIMOA: Single Molecule Array SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus tDCS: transcranial direct current stimulation TLRs: Toll-like receptors TMS: transcranial magnetic stimulation Tregs: regulatory T cells TREM2: Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 TrkB-FL: tropomyosin receptor kinase B-full length UPSIT: University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test Ym1: rodent-specific chitinase-like protein The research group of the University of Barcelona is considered of excellence (grup consolidat #2021 SGR 00304) by the Regional Catalonian Government

R.FioritiE.NapoliN.et al (2019)

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