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doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.01.018 24 FujiharaM.NagaiN.SussanT

Additionally, novel data indicate that disruption of gliotransmission leads to neuronal dysfunction and abnormal behavior in animal models,Citation 14 and despite most results in glial behavior refer to astrocytic cells, the intrinsic radial morphology of Mller glia in the retina clearly indicates its critical role for neuronal survival and function.Citation 12 As a transmitter, ATP activates ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors, and both types are found in Mller gliaCitation 15 as well as on retinal neurons.Citation 16 ATP induces membrane currents at millimolar levels mainly through activation of P2X 7 receptor (P2X 7 R), permeating Ca 2+ influx through the emergence of a macro pore.Citation 17 We have recently shown that GSH selectively induces Ca 2+ shifts in the avian Mller gliaCitation 18 through activation of purinergic pathway, once such shifts were inhibited by brilliant blue G (BBG) antagonism of P2X 7 R

Glutathione for detox then steps in during Phase II, where it conjugates with these modified toxins, attaching itself to them and transforming them into water-soluble compounds [5]

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