igf-1 lr3 bone growth study Insulin exerts direct, independent actions in plate chondrocytes Stimulation of liver IGF-1 expression

doi: 10.1038/srep03273 80 McCarthyE.BarronA.Morales-PrietoN.MazzocchiM.McCarthyC

This phenomenon resulted in glycogen accumulation and glucose uptake, which supported the pentose phosphate pathway to maintain NADPH synthesis, leading to cell survival and growth

Nat Immunol 18(5):488498 Ma C, Jiang Y, Xiang Y, Li C, Xie X, Zhang Y, You Y, Xie L, Gong J, Sun Y, Tong S, Song Q, Chen J, Xiao W (2025) Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages by biomimetic melatonin-loaded liposomes effectively attenuates acute gouty arthritis in a mouse model

293F-Spike-S2A cells were incubated with 100 l of monoclonal antibodies diluted at 5 g ml 1 for 30 min at 37 C